Period+2+Nervous+Notes

Central nervous system- brain and spinal cord Peripheral nervous system- all of the nerves outside of the central nervous system "The brain, located in the skull, is the part of the central nervous system that controls most functions in the body." "The spinal cord is the thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system." The central nervous system is the control center of the body. The brain includes abstract thought, smell, speech, movement, hearing, taste, touch, reading, and vision. The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, interprets input from the senses, controls movement, and carries out complex mental processes such as learning and remembering. -Science Text Book

"The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The brain functions to receive nerve impulses from the spinal cord and cranial nerves. The spinal cord contains the nerves that carry messages between the brain and the body. Spinal cord injury can occur when there is damage to the cells within the spinal cord or when the tracts of nerves that run up and down the spinal cord are severed. "-Adam (link is in pictures)

=Central nervous system=

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In [|vertebrates], the **central nervous system** (**CNS**) is the part of the [|nervous system] which is enclosed in the [|meninges]. It contains the majority of the nervous system and consists of the [|brain] (in vertebrates which have them), and the [|spinal cord]. Together with the [|peripheral nervous system] it has a fundamental role in the control of [|behavior]. The CNS is contained within the [|dorsal cavity], with the brain in the [|cranial cavity] and the spinal cord in the [|spinal cavity]. The brain is protected by the skull, while the spinal cord is protected by the vertebrae. [|[1][|]] - wikipedia

What does the nervous system do for an organism's body?
The nervous system allows an organism to use its five senses (taste, touch, sight, sound, and smell) and to adapt to certain conditions. The nervous system is a small chain of reactions. First, the body senses a problem, or something it needs to fix. The nerves form a message, that gets passed on through the spinal cord to the brain. The brain takes this message, translates it, passes back through the nervous system, and back to the nerves. The nerves are the able to control the body to fix the problem it started with. This all happens in a matter of milliseconds.

What does the Nervous System consist of?
The Nervous System is made up of three main parts: 1. //Cerebrum-// It is the biggest part of the brain that controls higher processes such as speaking, reasoning, and memorizing and the 5 senses - smell, touch, taste, sight, and hearing. 2. //Cerebellum-// This controls voluntary actions in the body such as talking, eating, singing, swimming, etc. 3. //Medulla-// This controls involuntary actions such as choking, breathing, heart rate, etc. http://www.marymount.k12.ny.us/marynet/stwbwk02/frog/html/nervouf.htm
 * The Brain ** - This is in the central part of the nervous system. The brain helps control one's behavior. It will receive and send messages for the rest of the body through the spinal cord. These are the three parts of the brain.
 * The Spinal Cord - ** The spinal cord is our body's main nerve. It is about 18 inches, or 45 cm long, and as thick as a finger. It extends from the base of the brain and runs down our spine. Our spinal cord acts as the link between the brain and the nerves that are spread throughout our body. From each side of the spinal cord are 31 pairs of spinal nerves that carry messages to and from the brain. The link of bones that protect the spinal cord are called the vertebrae.
 * The Nerves ** - This part of the system is called the peripheral nervous system. This is a pathway to the brain for the five senses. The nerves form messages to send to the brain through the spinal cord. - Marymount School

- Most impulses from the peripheral nervous system travel through the spinal cord to get to the brain. You brain then directs a response. The response usually travels from the brain, through the spinal cord, and then to the peripheral nervous system. You brain consists of about 100billion neurons. There are 3 main regions of the brain that receive and process information. These are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the brain stem. The spinal cord is the ink between your brain and the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system consists of a network of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system and connect it to the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous system is involved in both involuntary and voluntary actions. 43 pairs of nerves make up the peripheral nervous system-12 originate in the brain 31pairs- the spinal nerves- begin in the spinal cord. On nerve in each pair goes to the left side of the body and the other goes to the right. The sensory neurons carry impulses from the body to the central nervous system. The motor neurons carry impulses in the opposite direction- from the central nervous system to the body. The nerves of the peripheral nervous system can be divided into two groups, the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. somatic = control voluntary actions such as using a fork or tying shoes Autonomic= control involuntary actions. such as regulating th contractions of the smooth muscles that adjust the diameter of blood vessels. A reflex is an automatic response that occurs bery rapidly and without concious control. Reflexes help to protect the body. It take longer for the pain impulses to get to the brain and be interpreted han it does for the reflex action to occur. Concussions and spinal cord injuries are two ways in which the central nervous sysem can be damaged. A concussion is a bruiselike injury of the brain. A concussion occurs then the soft tissue of the brain collides against the skull. Spinal cord injuries occur when the spinal cord is cut or crushed. As a resulet axons in the injured region are damaged so impulses cannot pass through them. Car crashes are the most common cause of spinal cord injuries. You should always wear a helmet to decrease the chances of a head injury (in activies in which you risk bumping your head). Impulses travel on a spinal nerve in two directions. Each spinal nerve contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons. An axon is a threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body - Science TB --